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SLAVE NARRATIVES
A Folk History of Slavery in the United States
From Interviews with Former Slaves
TYPEWRITTEN RECORDS
PREPARED BY
THE FEDERAL WRITERS' PROJECT 1936-1938
ASSEMBLED BY
THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PROJECT
WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
SPONSORED BY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
WASHINGTON 1941
VOLUME II
ARKANSAS NARRATIVES
PARTS 1 AND 2
Prepared by the Federal
Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration
for the State of Arkansas
283 pages,
Softcover/Comb Bound, 8.5"x11"
three photographs
This is Parts
1 and 2 of Volume 2 (Arkansas) of the WPA Slave Narratives
Project. There are seven parts of Volume 2. These parts will be available
in four booklets - Parts 1 and 2, Parts 3 and 4, Part 5, and Parts 6 and 7. This
listing is for one booklet (Parts 1 and 2) only. Narratives
included cover ex-slaves whose last names begin with the letter A through
the letter F.
This booklet is 283
pages (142 sheets of 60# paper printed on two sides) with a comb-bound
laminated card stock cover. A portion of the sales of this booklet will be
donated to the organization which provided the transcription.
B.A. Botkin, Chief Editor
of the Writer's Unit, in his 1941 Introduction to the Slave Narratives
collection, wrote:
"Set beside the work of formal historians, social
scientists, and novelists, slave autobiographies, and contemporary records
of abolitionists and planters, these life histories, taken down as far as
possible in the narrators' words, constitute an invaluable body of
unconscious evidence or indirect source material, which scholars and writers
dealing with the South, especially social psychologists and cultural
anthropologists, cannot afford to reckon without. For the first and the last
time, a large number of surviving slaves (many of whom have since died) have
been permitted to tell their own story, in their own way. In spite of
obvious limitations—bias and fallibility of both informants and
interviewers, the use of leading questions, unskilled techniques, and
insufficient controls and checks—this saga must remain the most authentic
and colorful source of our knowledge of the lives and thoughts of thousands
of slaves, of their attitudes toward one another, toward their masters,
mistresses, and overseers, toward poor whites, North and South, the Civil
War, Emancipation, Reconstruction, religion, education, and virtually every
phase of Negro life in the South.
"The narratives belong to folk history—history recovered
from the memories and lips of participants or eye-witnesses, who mingle
group with individual experience and both with observation, hearsay, and
tradition. Whether the narrators relate what they actually saw and thought
and felt, what they imagine, or what they have thought and felt about
slavery since, now we know why they thought and felt as they did. To
the white myth of slavery must be added the slaves' own folklore and
folk-say of slavery. The patterns they reveal are folk and regional
patterns—the patterns of field hand, house and body servant, and artisan;
the patterns of kind and cruel master or mistress; the patterns of Southeast
and Southwest, lowland and upland, tidewater and inland, smaller and larger
plantations, and racial mixture (including Creole and Indian).
"The narratives belong also to folk literature. Rich not
only in folk songs, folk tales, and folk speech but also in folk humor and
poetry, crude or skilful in dialect, uneven in tone and treatment, they
constantly reward one with earthy imagery, salty phrase, and sensitive
detail. In their unconscious art, exhibited in many a fine and powerful
short story, they are a contribution to the realistic writing of the Negro.
Beneath all the surface contradictions and exaggerations, the fantasy and
flattery, they possess an essential truth and humanity which surpasses as it
supplements history and literature."
Those interviewed in Parts 1 & 2 of the Arkansas Slave
Narratives (and their city or county, if known) were:
Silas Abbott (Brinkley), Lucian Abernathy (Marvell), Laura Abromsom (Holly
Grove), Aunt Adeline (Fayetteville), Rose Adway (Pine Bluff), Liddie Aiken
(Wheatley), Mattie Aldridge (Hazen), Amsy O. Alexander (Little Rock), Diana
Alexander (Brinkley), Fannie Alexander (Helena), Lucretia Alexander (Little
Rock), Ed Allen (Des Arc), Lucindy Allison (Marked Tree), Josephine Ames (Fordville),
Charles Anderson (Helena), Nancy Anderson (West Memphis), R.B. Anderson
(Little Rock), Sarah Anderson (Pine Bluff), Selie Anderson (Holly Grove),
W.A. Anderson (Little Rock), Henry Anthony (Biscoe), Katie Arbery (Pine
Bluff), Campbell Armstrong (Little Rock), Cora Armstrong,
Lillie Baccus (Madison), Joseph Samuel Badgett (Little Rock), Jeff Bailey
(Little Rock), James Baker (Hot Springs), William Baltimore (Pine Bluff),
Mose Banks (El Dorado), Henry Banner (Little Rock), John W.H. Barnett
(Marianna), Josephine Ann Barnett (De Valls Bluff), Lizzie Barnett (Conway),
Spencer Barnett (Holly Grove), Emma Barr (Madison), Robert Barr (Little
Rock), Matilda Bass (Pine Bluff), Emmett Beal (Biscoe), Dina Beard, Annie
Beck (West Memphis), J.H. Beckwith (Pine Bluff), Enoch Beel (Hazen), Sophie
D. Belle (Forrest City), Cyrus Bellus (Little Rock), Bob Benford (Pine
Bluff), Carrie Bradley Logan Bennet (Helena), George Benson (Pine Bluff),
Kato Benton (Pine Bluff), James Bertrand Little Rock), Alice Biggs (Holly
Grove), Mandy Billings (Pine Bluff), Jane Birch (Brinkley), Beatrice Black
(Biscoe), Boston Blackwell (North Little Rock), Henry Blake (Little Rock),
Adeline Blakeley (Fayetteville), Vera Roy Bobo (Holly Grove), Liddie Boechus
(Madison), Maggie (Bunny) Bond (Madison), Caroline Bonds (Russellville),
Rev. Frank T. Boone (Little Rock), J.F. Boone (Little Rock), Jonas Boone
(St. Charles), John Bowdry (Clarendon), Jack Boyd (Hazen), Mal Boyd (Pine
Bluff), George Braddox (Hazen), Edward Bradley (Pine Bluff), Rachel Bradley
(Pine Bluff), Elizabeth Brannon (Biscoe), Mack Brantley (Brinkley), Ellen
Brass (Little Rock), Alice Bratton (Wheatley), Frank Briles (Little Rock),
Mary Ann Brooks (Pine Bluff), Waters Brooks (Little Rock), Casie Jones
Brown, Elcie Brown, F.H. Brown (North Little Rock), George Brown (Pine
Bluff), J.N. Brown (Pine Bluff), Lewis Brown (Pine Bluff), Lewis Brown
(Little Rock), Mag Brown (Clarksville), Mary Brown (Clarendon), Mattie Brown
(Helena), Molly Brown (Brinkley), Peter Brown (Helena), William Brown
(Hazen), William Brown (North Little Rock), Maggie Broyles (Forrest City),
Ida Bryant (Hazen), Belle Buntin (Marianna), Jeff Burgess (Clarendon),
Norman Burkes (Pine Bluff), Will Burks, Sr. (Pine City), Adeline Burris
(DeWitt), Jennie Butler (Little Rock), E.L. Byrd (Pine Bluff), Emmett
Augusta Byrd (Marianna)
Frank Cannon (Palestine), Zenie Cauley (Pine Bluff), Liney Chambers
(Brinkley), Willie Buck Charleston, Jr. (Biscoe), Lewis Chase (Des Arc),
Katherine Clay (Forrest City), Maria Sutton Clements (De Valls Bluff),
Fannie Clemons (El Dorado), Joe Clinton (Marvell), Betty Coleman (Pine
Bluff), Lucy Cotton (Russellville), T.W. Cotton (helena), Ellen Cragin
(Little Rock), Sallie Crane (Wrightsville), Isaac Crawford (Brinkley), Mary
Crosby (Pine Bluff), Ellen Crowley, Richard Crump (Little Rock), Zenia Culp,
Albert Cummins (Texarkana), Betty Curlett (Hazen), J.H. Curlett
(Washington),
Lyttleton Dandridge (Pine Bluff), Ella Daniels (Little Rock), Mary Allen
Darrow (Forrest City), Alice Davis (Pine Bluff), Charlie Davis (Pine Bluff),
D. Davis (Marvell), James Davis (Pine Bluff), Jeff Davis (Pine Bluff), Jeff
Davis (Marvell), Jordan Davis (Pine Bluff), Mary Jane Drucilla Davis (Pine
Bluff), Minerva Davis (Biscoe), Rosetta Davis (Marianna), Virginia (Jennie)
Davis (Forrest City), Winnie Davis (Pine Bluff), Leroy Day (Pine Bluff),
Hammett Dell (Brasfield), James Dickey (Marianna), Benjamin Diggs (Pine
Bluff), Katie Dillon (Pine Bluff), Alice Dixon (Rock Island quarters), Luke
D. Dixon (De Valls Bluff), Martha Ann Dixon (De Valls Bluff), Railroad
Dockery (Pine Bluff), Callie Donalson (Biscoe), Charles Green Dortch (Little
Rock), Fannie Dorum (North Little Rock), Silas Dothrum (Little Rock), Sarah
and Tom Douglas (El Dorado), Sebert Douglas (Pine Bluff), Henry Doyl
(Brinkley), Willie Doyld (Brinkley), Wade Dudley (Moro), Isabella Duke
(Little Rock), Wash Dukes (Pine Bluff), Lizzie Dunn (Clarendon), Nellie
Dunne (Pine Bluff), William L. Dunwoody (Little Rock),
Lucius Edwards, John Elliott (South Border), Millie Evans, Mose Evans,
Rachel Fairley (Little Rock), Pauline Fakes (Brinkley), Mattie Fannen
(Forrest City), Robert Farmer (Little Rock), Lou Fergusson (Hot Springs),
Jennie Ferrell (West Memphis), Frank Fikes (El Dorado), J.E. Filer
(Marianna), Orleans Finger (Little Rock), Molly Finley (Honey Creek), Fanny
Finney (Brinkley), Gate-Eye Fisher (Washington County), Ellen Fitzgerald
(Brinkley), Henry Fitzhugh (Hot Springs), Mary Flagg (Pine Bluff), Doc
Flowers (Lincoln), Frances Fluker (Edmondson), Ida May Fluker (Pine Bluff),
Wash Ford (Des Arc), Judia Fortenberry (Little Rock), Emma Foster (Pine
Bluff), Ira Foster (Pine Bluff), Leonard Franklin (Little Rock), Eliza
Fazier (Pine Bluff), Mary Frazier (Biscoe), Tyler Frazier (Ouachita County),
Mittie Freeman (North Little Rock), Mattie Fritz (Clarendon)
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